Construction and Validation of Classroom Environment and Self-Efficacy Scales for Higher Secondary Students in English
Author : Nisha TNK and Dr. K Saileela
Abstract :
The study reports the systematic development and validation of two instruments designed to assess Higher Secondary School students’ perceptions of classroom environment in English and their academic self-efficacy in learning English. Both tools were constructed through extensive literature review, expert validation, pilot testing, and item analysis using the upper–lower 27% method and t-test for item discrimination. The finalized Classroom Environment Scale and Self‑Efficacy Scale each consisted of 30 items with five-point Likert-type responses and demonstrated high reliability, with Spearman–Brown corrected coefficients of 0.85 and 0.86, respectively. Evidence of content and construct validity indicates that the scales are appropriate for use in studies involving Higher Secondary students’ classroom experiences and academic self-beliefs in English.
Keywords :
Self-Efficacy scale, Classroom Environment scale, higher secondary students.
