Karma Yoga in Nation-Building and the Scriptural Ethos in Atmanirbhar Bharat, Skill India & Make in India
Author : Dr. Bhanu M Parmar and Darshan Gajjar
Abstract :
This paper explores the philosophical foundations of three major developmental initiatives of the government of India which are Atmanirbhar Bharat, Skill India Mission, and Make in India, through the lens of the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads, and modern public administration theory. It argues that these schemes, while economic and administrative in letter, are deeply connected to India’s civilizational ethos rooted in self-reliance (Atmanirbharta), disciplined action (Karma Yoga), and skill mastery (kauÅ›alam) in spirit. The Bhagavad Gita provides key ethical principles such as Nishkama Karma (selfless duty), Swadharma (righteous responsibility), and excellence in action, which resonate with the objectives of productivity, empowerment, and self-sufficiency embedded in the schemes. The Upanishadic emphasis on inner potential, holistic development, and self-realization further reinforces the moral and psychological dimensions of national capacity building with the whole of the government approach. From a public policy and public administration perspective, these initiatives exemplify a shift toward a culturally rooted governance model that integrates administrative efficiency with ethical grounding, institutional capacity, and citizen participation. While the synthesis of ancient philosophy and modern governance creates a compelling normative framework, the paper also acknowledges challenges related to implementation gaps, inclusivity, and balancing cultural authenticity with global competitiveness. Overall, the analysis demonstrates that integrating Indian philosophical wisdom with contemporary developmental policy offers a holistic, values-based approach to nation-building in India.
Keywords :
Indian Ethos, Public Administration, Bhagavad Gita, Upanishads, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Skill India Mission.
