A Study on Water Pollution and Its Legal Implications in India
Author : M Sundar and Dr. MD Chinnu
Abstract :
Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental challenges affecting public health, ecosystems, and economic development. To control and prevent water pollution, governments across the world have introduced various water pollution laws and regulatory frameworks. These laws aim to regulate the discharge of pollutants, protect water resources, and ensure sustainable use of water bodies. However, the implementation of water pollution laws involves significant costs for governments, industries, and society. Industries often face increased operational costs due to the installation of treatment plants, compliance monitoring, and adoption of cleaner technologies. Governments bear administrative and enforcement costs, while consumers may experience indirect cost increases through higher prices for goods and services. Despite these costs, effective water pollution laws provide long-term economic benefits by reducing healthcare expenses, preserving aquatic ecosystems, and promoting sustainable development. This study examines major water pollution laws and analyzes their cost implications, highlighting the balance between environmental protection and economic impact.
Keywords :
Water Pollution, Water Pollution Control Laws, Cost Implications, Compliance Costs, Polluter Pays Principle, Industrial Pollution, Sustainable Development.
