Towards Humane Justice: A Critical Appraisal of India’s Animal Welfare Laws
Author : Dr. Chandreshwari Minhas
Abstract :
In recent decades, the evolving discourse on animal rights and welfare has prompted a re-evaluation of how legal systems across the globe address cruelty, exploitation, and protection of non-human species. In India, where religious, ethical and environmental considerations influence attitudes toward animals, the legal framework has gradually developed to safeguard animal welfare. However, despite several legislative measures and judicial pronouncements, instances of cruelty, neglect, and exploitation continue to raise serious concerns. This research article seeks to examine the effectiveness, adequacy, and implementation of animal welfare laws in India and propose reforms to strengthen humane justice. A major focus of the research is the gap between law and enforcement. The research also considers emerging areas of concern, such as the treatment of animals in industrial farming, laboratories, entertainment, and street environments, and how current laws fail to adequately address these issues. The study concludes by proposing a set of legal and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening animal welfare governance to move towards a more humane and justice-oriented legal framework.
Keywords :
Animal Welfare, Laws, Constitutional Provisions, Wildlife Protection Act, Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
