Butterflies of India: An Introduction to the Diversity and Eroding Habitat
Author : Dr. Anita Jhajhria
Abstract :
India is a land of diversity that comprises extremes of heat and cold, jungles and deserts, mountains and plains, and the continental size accompanied by the diverse flora and fauna offers butterfly diversity in an excellent location. Butterflies are essential for pollination, the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem, and promoting the food chain. Another important aspect is that they act as natural pest controllers; many caterpillars feed on aphids and keep their population under control. Butterflies are also natural indicators of climate change, and their behaviour can indicate future losses of habitat and other animal species. Habitat loss of butterflies is aggravated by deforestation, climate change, illegal trade, and excess use of pesticides. Methods such as planting butterfly-friendly plants, avoiding the use of pesticides, and utilising sunny spots can help conserve butterflies at an individual level. Multiple butterfly parks are emerging as a new trend in major cities such as Bhopal and Indore. Illegal trade is affecting biodiversity, world illegal butterfly trade is worth Rs. 7.3 million. The present research paper highlights the different species of butterflies, their state-wise distribution, and conservation methods. It also provides valuable insights to generate awareness about the efficient implementation of the policy framework. It further elucidates the need for future research on the species in our country facing difficulties due to urbanisation and habitat loss.
Keywords :
Butterflies, climate change, biodiversity, ecosystem and habitat
